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The country of Palestine from 1948, to the present day. As Zionist settlers arrived from Europe, Palestinian land was taken by force – by militias including the Haganah and the Irgun – until a new ‘State of Israel’ replaced ‘Palestine’ on maps, with US backing. Palestinians who survived were pushed into sealed-off Gaza or the apartheid West Bank, where they remain, exposed to relentless Israeli oppression until death or exile from the remnants of their lands.

Palestinian land · boundaries drawn from geoBoundaries open data · 1947 plan and present-day fragments simplified · Graphic: pariahbook.com.

61m

tonnes of debris generated by the destruction of Gaza

UN Environment Programme, July 2025

18,000+

children killed within two years, documented in the record

Documented in Pariah

2.3m

people sealed inside a strip a quarter the size of London

UN OCHA

After WW2, large numbers of Jewish refugees and settlers from eastern Europe, many of them Holocaust survivors, arrived in Palestine. Zionist organisa — After WW2, large numbers of Jewish refugees and settlers from eastern Europe, many of them Holocaust survivors, arrived in Palestine. Zionist organisations settled and armed them: many took Hebrew names, and militias including the Haganah and the Irgun set up roadblocks, created armed compounds and took over commercial centres.

IDF soldiers wear “Greater Israel” badges picturing future Israel incorporation of all of Palestine as well as Lebanon, Syria, Egypt and Jordan. The w — IDF soldiers wear “Greater Israel” badges picturing future Israel incorporation of all of Palestine as well as Lebanon, Syria, Egypt and Jordan. The words read: ‘Our promised land’.

In August 2025, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu appeared on a news channel saying he "absolutely" subscribed to and felt connected to a “vision for a — In August 2025, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu appeared on a news channel saying he "absolutely" subscribed to and felt connected to a “vision for a Greater Israel”. Over 30 Arab and Muslim nations condemned his comments “in the strongest terms”.

On 7 October, Palestinians in Gaza breached the Israeli security fence that prevented them from returning to their land – this at Khan Yunis. — On 7 October, Palestinians in Gaza breached the Israeli security fence that prevented them from returning to their land – this at Khan Yunis. Photo: APAimages / Shutterstock

Palestinians celebrate on top of a destroyed Israeli tank on the Gaza border on 7 October.

Palestinian military factions transported captured Israeli soldiers and civilian hostages, taken from military outposts, the Nova music festival and s — Palestinian military factions transported captured Israeli soldiers and civilian hostages, taken from military outposts, the Nova music festival and several settlements, into Gaza, to exchange for thousands of Palestinian prisoners Israel had abducted and was holding indefinitely, without charge. Photo: Hatem Ali / AP

Palestinian fighters ride an Israeli Jeep through Gaza after storming nearby Israeli settlements.

Israel responded immediately, with hundreds of indiscriminate airstrikes across Gaza burying civilians as well as their own citizens, not knowing wher — Israel responded immediately, with hundreds of indiscriminate airstrikes across Gaza burying civilians as well as their own citizens, not knowing where the 250 or so prisoners the Palestinians had taken were being held.

There were no safe areas anywhere in Gaza for women and children. Israel proceeded to drop the equivalent of six Hiroshima bombs – an estimate by Prof — There were no safe areas anywhere in Gaza for women and children. Israel proceeded to drop the equivalent of six Hiroshima bombs – an estimate by Professor Paul Rogers of the University of Bradford – on an area a quarter of the size of London, with 2.3 million people unable to leave surrounded by a militarised border on all sides.

Some Israelis gathered on the borders to spectate and took to social media to celebrate war crimes against Palestinian civilians – ‘there are no innoc — Some Israelis gathered on the borders to spectate and took to social media to celebrate war crimes against Palestinian civilians – ‘there are no innocents in Gaza’ was their mantra.

Israeli war criminals publicised their actions for the world to see in real time. In January 2024 the International Court of Justice found it plausibl — Israeli war criminals publicised their actions for the world to see in real time. In January 2024 the International Court of Justice found it plausible that Palestinians’ rights under the Genocide Convention were at risk, and ordered Israel to prevent genocidal acts.

Israel targeted anything in Gaza that could sustain life – including hospitals, schools, emergency water and food infrastructure and anyone who was he — Israel targeted anything in Gaza that could sustain life – including hospitals, schools, emergency water and food infrastructure and anyone who was helping to deliver it.

Children quickly bore the brunt of the systematic destruction of shelter.

Within 2 years over 18,000 children had already died under bombs or in fires – some were shot by Israeli quadcopter drones and snipers or died of seco — Within 2 years over 18,000 children had already died under bombs or in fires – some were shot by Israeli quadcopter drones and snipers or died of secondary injuries from shrapnel wounds or disease and hunger.

When Israel stopped all aid trucks from entering Gaza, food quickly ran out and children began to starve to death. In the first sign of a rift between — When Israel stopped all aid trucks from entering Gaza, food quickly ran out and children began to starve to death. In the first sign of a rift between Israel and its chief donor, President Biden told Prime Minister Netanyahu in April 2024 that the humanitarian situation was ‘unacceptable’, and that US policy on Gaza would depend on Israel’s immediate action.

Aid agencies warned that even if aid began to re-enter, it was too late to stop future generations of Palestinians living with the long-term effects o — Aid agencies warned that even if aid began to re-enter, it was too late to stop future generations of Palestinians living with the long-term effects of malnutrition in the early stages of their development.

Starving Palestinians were constantly on the move from Israeli massacres by IDF troops, constant airstrikes using 2,000lb bunker buster bombs and dron — Starving Palestinians were constantly on the move from Israeli massacres by IDF troops, constant airstrikes using 2,000lb bunker buster bombs and drone attacks, trying to find food to survive.

Despite there being enough food and water to feed Gaza for years queuing to enter from the Egyptian border with Gaza, the Israelis refused to let anyt — Despite there being enough food and water to feed Gaza for years queuing to enter from the Egyptian border with Gaza, the Israelis refused to let anything in and countries where large numbers of citizens had begun to take to the streets in protest of their governments’ inactions began to airdrop supplies. Often, this resulted in further deaths as crates landed on civilians and food ran out again. Photo: Mahmoud Essa / AP

Families attempted to survive with no food, no water, no shelter and hourly airstrikes from every direction with little or no notice of where they wou — Families attempted to survive with no food, no water, no shelter and hourly airstrikes from every direction with little or no notice of where they would be. Parents wrote their family name on their children’s limbs in case their bodies were fragmented by Israeli explosives – often, tent cities were bombed or struck by incendiary drones overnight as thousands of families slept there.

Israel set about destroying any buildings still standing after its initial onslaught to make Gaza uninhabitable for anyone, permanently, and suggested — Israel set about destroying any buildings still standing after its initial onslaught to make Gaza uninhabitable for anyone, permanently, and suggested all Palestinians should leave for other countries – it began offering countries around the world money to take them.

Most Palestinians wanted to stay, but early on some tried to leave – this is in Rafah which Israel has now completely razed and has taken over the bor — Most Palestinians wanted to stay, but early on some tried to leave – this is in Rafah which Israel has now completely razed and has taken over the border area in violation of its 1979 peace treaty with Egypt.

Photographs licensed for print and digital reproduction. Captions are from the visual record section of Pariah: How Gaza Broke Israel.

This is a fraction of the record.

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